Multipobreza na Venezuela
uma abordagem libertária
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30800/mises.2018.v0.949Palavras-chave:
Multipobreza, pobreza, abordagem libertária, liberdade econômicResumo
A pobreza tem sido definida de forma similar por diversos autores e organizações internacionais. Contudo, tais definições tendem a ser simplistas e não fortes o bastante para lidar com situações complexas que envolvem diferentes pontos de vista com respeito ao fenômeno da pobreza. O objetivo desse artigo é usar a perspectiva praxeológica e introduzir uma nova definição, a de multipobreza, aplicando-a na análise da crise atual na Venezuela. Chegamos a três conclusões: na Venezuela de 2018, todos os cidadãos comuns tendem a ser pobres, e a explosão social é possível; a natureza do ser humano é muito complexa para ser analisada por uma abordagem simplista cuja base são métodos puramente quantitativos; a abordagem multipobreza agrega uma camada humanista, praxeológica e individualista, baseada nas ideias de liberdade de ação, às definições tradicionais de pobreza, colaborando para um melhor entendimento do fenômeno.
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Referências
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VAISMAN, Boris Ackerman. Venezuela¿ Cómo Fue Su Camino A La Servidumbre Del Siglo XXI? Procesos de Mercado, s/l, v.14, n. 2, p.219-237, 2017.
WORLD BANK. Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people). UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database in 2018. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/VC.IHR.PSRC.P5. Accessed on: Aug 10 2018.
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WORLD BANK GROUP. Prosperity for All: Ending Extreme Poverty. World Bank Group, Spring Meetings, 2014. Available at: <http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPROSPECTS/Resources/334934-1327948020811/8401693-1397074077765/Prosperity_for_All_Final_2014.pdf>. Accessed on: Dec
ENCOVI. Encuesta sobre Condiciones de Vida en Venezuela. Agenda Temática. Published by Encovi on February 2017. Available at: < https://encovi.ucab.edu.ve/ediciones/encovi-2017/>. Accessed on: Jun 10 2018.
FARÍA, Hugo; FILARDO, Leonor. Venezuela: Without Liberals There Is No Liberalism. Econ Journal Watch, s/l, v. 12, n. 3, 2015.
FARÍA, Hugo. Hugo Chávez Against the Backdrop of Venezuelan Economic and Political History. The Independent Review, s/l, v. 12, n. 4, 2008.
FARÍA, Hugo. La tiranía de las minorías. In: ZULOAGA, Nicomedes; et. al. (eds.). Constitución, Socialismo y Mercantilismo en América Latina. Caracas: CEDICE, 2007, p.171-220.
FRONJOSA, Ernesto. La fatal dependencia: El estatismo como cultura en los países latinoamericanos. Cuadernos Unimetanos, v.6, n. 28, 2011.
GWARTNEY, James; LAWSON, Robert; HALL, Joshua. Economic Freedom of the World 2017 Annual Report. Fraser Institute, september 28, 2017. Available at: < https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/economic-freedom-of-the-world-2017-annual-report>. Accessed on: Jul 15 2018.
HANKE, Steve. Venezuela’s Inflation Breaches 25,000%. Forbes, may 31, 2018. Available at: <https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevehanke/2018/05/31/venezuelas-inflation-breaches-25000/#62f6d6906d57>. Accessed on: Jun 30 2018.
HARMATH, Pedro; ACEVEDO, Rafael. Determinantes económicos de la pobreza total en Venezuela: 1975-2000. Economía, s/l, v. 28, n. 34, 2009.
HAZLITT, Henry. The Conquest of Poverty. New York: Foundation for Economic Education, Inc., 1996.
HOPENHAYN, Martin. Ni apocalípticos ni integrados. Las aventuras de la modernidad en América Latina. Santiago de Chile: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1994.
MASSABIÉ, Germán. Venezuela: A Petro-State Using Renewable Energies. Berlin: Springer Science and Business Media, 2009.
MISES, Ludwig von. Human Action: A Treatise on Economics. Auburn: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 1998.
PEÑA, Omaira; HARMATH, Pedro; ACEVEDO, Rafael. Pobreza: Percepción y Enfoques. Un Análisis para Venezuela. Nómadas, s/l, n. Special Latin America, 2013.
RIERA, Maria Puerta. Venezuela: The Decline of a Democracy. Development 60, p.174-179, n. 3-4, 2017.
ROTHBARD, Murray. Man, Economy and State with Power and Market. Auburn: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2009.
SEN, Amartya. Nuevo Examen de la Desigualdad. Spain: Alianza, 1998.
TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL. Corruption Perceptions Index 2017. Published by Transparency International on February 21, 2018. Available at: < https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2017>. Accessed on: May 5 2018.
UGALDE, Luis. Salir de la Pobreza. Opinión y Noticias, october 21, 2010. Available at: <http://www.opinionynoticias.com/opinionpolitica/6099-salir-de-la-pobreza>. Accessed on: Jun 20 2018.
UGAZ, José. Venezuela continúa siendo el país más corrupto de Latinoamérica. El Nacional, january 25, 2017. Available at: <http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/gobierno/venezuela-continua-siendo-pais-mas-corrupto-latinoamerica_77413>. Accessed on: Mar 16 2018.
UNESCO. Glossary of Terms. UNESCO, s/d. Available at: <http://www.unesco.org/new/en/social-and-human-sciences/themes/international-migration/glossary/poverty/>. Accessed on: Dec 29 2014.
UNITED NATIONS. Report of the World Summit for Social Development. United Nations, march 6-12, 1995. Available at: < http://www.un.org/documents/ga/conf166/aconf166-9.htm>, Accessed on: Dec 20 2014.
VERA, Leonardo. Venezuela 1999–2014: Macro-policy, oil governance and economic performance. Comparative Economic Studies, s/l, v. 57, n. 3, p. 539-568, 2015.
VAISMAN, Boris Ackerman. Venezuela¿ Cómo Fue Su Camino A La Servidumbre Del Siglo XXI? Procesos de Mercado, s/l, v.14, n. 2, p.219-237, 2017.
WORLD BANK. Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people). UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database in 2018. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/VC.IHR.PSRC.P5. Accessed on: Aug 10 2018.
WORLD BANK GROUP. Doing Business 2018. Reforming to Create Jobs. World Bank Group, october 31, 2017. Available at <http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/WBG/DoingBusiness/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB2018-Full-Report.pdf>. Accessed on: Jul 1 2018.
WORLD BANK GROUP. Prosperity for All: Ending Extreme Poverty. World Bank Group, Spring Meetings, 2014. Available at: <http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPROSPECTS/Resources/334934-1327948020811/8401693-1397074077765/Prosperity_for_All_Final_2014.pdf>. Accessed on: Dec
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2018-10-18
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Acevedo RA, Cirocco LH, D’Andrea FAMC. Multipobreza na Venezuela: uma abordagem libertária. MisesJournal [Internet]. 18º de outubro de 2018 [citado 18º de maio de 2024];. Disponível em: https://www.misesjournal.org.br/misesjournal/article/view/949
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Special Issue 2018
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Este periódico está licenciado sob uma Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
